Abstract
Background: Elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels are associated with increased cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to assess the relationship between the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index and the triglycerides-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) with HbA1c levels, and to evaluate their predictive power for glycemic control. Materials and Methods : We conducted a cross-sectional study over 5 months (September 2023–January 2024) in adult T2D patients. Poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥7%. TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio were calculated and compared between patients with good and poor glycemic control. Results: Among 140 patients (mean age: 62.5 ± 8.4 years), 62.9% had HbA1c ≥7%. Poor glycemic control was significantly associated with longer diabetes duration (p=0.031), fasting plasma glucose (p<0.001), higher triglycerides (p=0.003), lower HDL-C (p<0.001), and insulin therapy (Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.762; p=0.002). Both TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio were positively correlated with HbA1c values (r = 0.524 and r = 0.274; p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the TyG index was independently associated with poor glycemic control (adjusted OR = 68.4; p < 0.001). Its diagnostic performance showed an AUC of 0.80 with a cutoff value of 4.85 (79% sensitivity,69% specificity). Conclusion: The TyG index is a simple and accessible marker for evaluating glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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