Abstract
Introduction: Brucellosis, the most widespread zoonosis in the world, is a major public health problem. It is caused by Gram-negative intracellular bacteria: Brucella spp. In Algeria, it is a notifiable disease that evolves in an endemic mode.
Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of this disease in the Batna region, in Eastern Algeria.
Material and Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study conducted over a six-year period (2017-2022) on cases of brucellosis diagnosed at the Public Hospital Establishment (EPH, Batna). The microbiological analyses performed included blood cultures, cytobacteriological studies of pus samples, and serological tests (Rose Bengal and Wright's serodiagnosis). The data were collected from laboratory records and statistically analyzed.
Results: 370 confirmed cases of human brucellosis were reported during the study period, with an average age of 44.80 and a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.43. In our study, the population of young adults was predominant (76.67% of cases), and brucellosis was more frequent in spring and summer. Notably, 31.71% of the cases were from Batna.
Conclusion: Brucellosis is an infection that evolves in our region in an endemic manner. Surveillance, reporting of the disease, and the establishment of a control program are currently essential to reduce the prevalence of the disease.
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